lower ulua valley obsidian

Table 1. EDXRF Elemental concentrations for obsidian source standards from the Lower Ulua Valley, Honduras

All measurements on parts per million (ppm). Instrument standards in Shackley (1995).

SAMPLE

Ti

Mn

Fe

Zn

Th

Rb

Sr

Y

Zr

Nb

Ba

La

Ce

Source Group

1 698.75 412.13 8937.07 49.69 21.59 138.49 3.79 39.66 80.80 30.87 20.55 9.71 26.48 LUV-1

2 1036.01 461.87 9062.17 50.25 15.09 98.47 27.87 20.41 110.73 21.80 264.97 19.40 27.80 LUV-2

3 638.17 434.68 8705.77 50.85 21.47 159.72 2.30 40.42 84.22 28.58 20.87 13.48 30.01 LUV-1

4 1211.03 582.48 10034.25 59.69 13.84 88.09 87.35 26.45 182.13 17.60 411.45 22.48 31.45 LUV-3A

5 1307.38 527.06 10098.56 48.78 16.76 90.70 59.10 29.55 160.73 23.64 398.53 20.46 35.43 LUV-3

6 940.05 553.79 9614.28 51.32 16.68 106.71 30.50 28.04 127.53 22.16 379.49 19.70 43.24 LUV-2

7 1064.89 547.53 10080.11 53.84 14.10 94.53 84.09 28.29 183.30 20.57 314.69 18.06 27.24 LUV-3A

8 1112.88 499.66 9990.16 47.70 10.65 91.90 67.08 24.48 161.44 21.08 392.21 17.85 40.28 LUV-3

9 1241.87 554.35 10043.42 54.36 18.25 93.46 64.23 25.97 172.31 22.89 379.84 22.41 39.71 LUV-3

10 860.32 497.39 9015.00 46.63 14.54 105.65 30.73 27.02 116.21 22.41 325.76 17.91 39.21 LUV-2

11 1009.86 532.16 9551.69 48.54 13.26 96.17 66.90 28.37 167.00 18.67 373.32 20.78 33.66 LUV-3

12 1259.17 664.62 11347.71 75.36 6.08 107.83 64.98 27.70 172.22 17.31 340.41 13.61 32.28 LUV-3

13 935.39 524.18 9092.70 48.15 13.70 107.20 29.92 29.80 123.90 16.99 346.88 19.00 39.53 LUV-2

14 862.33 496.57 8987.70 39.79 18.16 101.27 27.30 30.68 117.91 16.20 340.32 21.36 36.49 LUV-2

15 1289.49 600.14 10807.80 57.13 19.87 95.56 65.17 27.41 168.05 19.73 431.01 16.87 38.26 LUV-3

16 1179.07 551.85 10297.51 53.83 13.62 100.65 64.30 31.60 167.02 21.22 370.57 22.67 36.45 LUV-3

17 988.04 582.70 9919.44 54.76 12.67 119.36 32.82 29.95 128.63 17.70 300.21 19.50 33.60 LUV-2

18 1164.01 563.12 10064.19 53.65 14.96 103.12 67.77 30.68 169.12 20.69 432.29 21.87 42.63 LUV-3

19 968.28 546.06 9091.90 56.24 12.45 109.30 30.68 25.60 126.35 20.12 318.04 22.64 38.26 LUV-2

20 1347.41 581.47 10504.65 60.41 15.96 98.70 73.16 30.81 171.56 20.32 440.34 25.14 41.23 LUV-3

21 1316.02 664.98 11490.80 55.29 9.21 105.24 63.79 26.29 169.65 24.52 396.51 23.05 36.85 LUV-3

22 634.87 421.63 8441.39 44.85 18.05 163.01 2.69 43.13 80.83 31.16 29.73 13.50 33.33 LUV-1

23 1050.80 549.06 9694.97 58.63 10.38 108.33 63.89 26.42 172.21 18.36 471.92 19.68 41.65 LUV-3

24 916.88 515.98 9221.53 49.98 15.92 109.59 28.90 26.82 125.30 23.33 333.82 18.82 39.66 LUV-2

25 1117.94 507.11 9417.33 62.60 8.96 93.56 65.16 26.71 171.43 20.63 407.78 17.54 35.53 LUV-3

26 1203.66 573.83 10709.55 51.57 20.18 106.50 64.81 31.44 169.49 21.98 396.12 20.74 33.11 LUV-3

27 1008.03 589.91 9864.86 55.85 17.14 100.04 62.60 30.07 161.71 18.59 346.76 16.02 33.26 LUV-3

28 1187.83 575.52 10174.53 56.18 15.92 83.20 64.94 29.01 169.67 22.65 485.73 23.26 43.46 LUV-3

29 802.60 544.51 9132.70 44.75 15.47 113.41 28.85 28.23 127.00 26.30 378.50 24.38 42.64 LUV-2

30 1309.42 599.10 10565.40 57.66 9.02 105.77 64.91 33.88 172.96 17.19 447.39 24.55 40.24 LUV-3

31 1100.70 613.53 10030.98 54.79 10.86 101.43 71.87 30.46 173.68 23.03 435.66 20.77 40.95 LUV-3

32 1267.11 649.59 10654.47 64.43 13.34 183.07 61.80 30.55 170.69 24.65 450.30 23.59 42.03 LUV-3

33 1126.58 611.57 9958.22 315.07 15.57 83.60 54.29 23.96 144.70 16.89 316.18 11.78 31.90 LUV-2/3

34 1213.42 574.16 10366.92 49.02 13.06 102.09 61.86 29.91 171.13 23.51 414.23 25.46 40.42 LUV-3

35 1208.90 636.20 11001.11 64.18 11.13 108.25 69.82 31.47 176.01 20.37 462.28 22.10 44.91 LUV-3

36 914.18 575.87 9939.97 49.90 9.83 114.96 33.19 29.89 129.50 20.77 349.82 22.18 41.15 LUV-2

37 1143.16 558.72 9821.58 50.05 13.92 105.20 60.13 24.02 164.75 19.32 397.96 20.27 39.58 LUV-3

38 1064.68 588.44 10019.04 57.12 9.90 100.20 64.05 29.25 161.94 20.83 380.43 20.83 36.56 LUV-3

39 1178.33 632.82 10731.52 59.46 8.62 106.30 68.93 29.99 179.14 21.11 493.32 23.84 0.00 LUV-3

40 1092.74 633.09 8773.35 42.01 11.85 118.42 3.63 27.93 95.85 26.02 125.00 14.81 0.00 LUV-1

B2 1238.23 579.30 10522.68 58.62 11.45 102.67 63.96 26.68 166.95 19.02 402.69 20.09 40.32 LUV-3

B3 1188.99 564.82 10381.30 52.06 20.78 104.69 65.38 29.98 172.07 21.96 419.04 19.51 39.90 LUV-3

B4 1233.47 587.95 10307.68 47.38 6.14 105.27 64.11 28.27 173.78 18.57 403.75 19.82 39.55 LUV-3

B5 689.15 417.99 8627.74 47.38 22.81 157.17 4.29 42.18 86.79 26.23 22.80 12.69 25.27 LUV-1

B6 1232.67 583.99 10018.10 47.81 13.67 99.34 63.40 29.48 165.43 20.39 431.60 23.34 40.10 LUV-3

B7 871.92 540.41 9193.56 39.97 8.58 109.96 29.81 28.04 126.03 17.39 381.95 20.43 43.09 LUV-2

QLP1 921.56 404.05 8942.40 549.15 22.48 77.44 20.30 11.83 90.61 10.23 227.99 21.33 32.15 Luv-2/3

Rb, Sr, Zr, and Ba bivariate plots of source standard data and inferred source groups.

**Classification Results(b,c)**
	Predicted Group Membership	Total
	Source Group 2	1.00	2.00	3.00
Original	Count	1.00	6	0	0	6
2.00	0	12	0	12
3.00	0	0	30	30
%	1.00	100.0	.0	.0	100.0
2.00	.0	100.0	.0	100.0
3.00	.0	.0	100.0	100.0
Cross-validated(a)	Count	1.00	6	0	0	6
2.00	0	12	0	12
3.00	0	0	30	30
%	1.00	100.0	.0	.0	100.0
2.00	.0	100.0	.0	100.0
3.00	.0	.0	100.0	100.0
a Cross validation is done only for those cases in the analysis. In cross validation, each case is classified by the functions derived from all cases other than that case.
b 100.0% of original grouped cases correctly classified.
c 100.0% of cross-validated grouped cases correctly classified.

Discriminant classification results for source standard data, indicating statistical validity of the perceived chemical groups in data table and bivariate plots (Mahalanobis distance measure with cross-validation (jackknife) method; SPSS for Windows 7.5).

Plot of the first two canonical variables from discriminant analysis discussed above (95.1% of vaiance explained by function 1). Group 3A is inferred and may be genetically related to Group 3 or derived from another source.

SAMPLE	Ti	Mn	Fe	Zn	Th	Rb	Sr	Y	Zr	Nb	Source
`47-1`	`892.29`	`332.03`	`9569.51`	`38.12`	`16.60`	`137.47`	`41.74`	`25.31`	`139.72`	`15.20`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`47-2`	`942.14`	`362.20`	`9880.40`	`45.06`	`21.02`	`135.32`	`45.47`	`19.80`	`144.34`	`12.26`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`47-3`	`763.41`	`298.64`	`9362.34`	`31.41`	`21.32`	`133.29`	`38.35`	`22.99`	`139.20`	`17.12`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`47-4`	`1003.63`	`414.07`	`10783.67`	`49.94`	`22.83`	`146.82`	`48.36`	`17.06`	`148.12`	`18.94`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`47-5`	`941.93`	`364.64`	`9906.08`	`39.92`	`18.68`	`142.54`	`50.34`	`22.47`	`149.19`	`16.15`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`48-1`	`941.55`	`319.46`	`11436.92`	`34.90`	`18.12`	`142.40`	`59.16`	`23.21`	`187.59`	`17.18`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`48-2`	`994.33`	`300.56`	`13810.08`	`58.39`	`20.91`	`148.91`	`39.61`	`23.34`	`215.84`	`16.07`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`48-3`	`746.13`	`406.49`	`9811.11`	`228.57`	`18.91`	`119.43`	`40.89`	`16.56`	`129.93`	`13.55`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`48-4`	`957.28`	`404.55`	`11014.86`	`44.50`	`8.49`	`150.02`	`53.46`	`22.94`	`160.27`	`13.46`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`48-5`	`700.81`	`297.23`	`9100.86`	`45.86`	`16.70`	`135.06`	`42.72`	`24.02`	`143.87`	`14.49`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`46`	`770.03`	`352.74`	`9551.70`	`40.23`	`13.16`	`135.94`	`43.94`	`19.65`	`145.42`	`10.31`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`45-1`	`2390.35`	`378.07`	`15591.86`	`58.64`	`12.72`	`132.16`	`52.21`	`19.59`	`139.03`	`14.81`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`45-2`	`1083.41`	`325.27`	`14036.11`	`58.40`	`21.58`	`158.10`	`51.71`	`24.76`	`230.09`	`12.44`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`45-3`	`954.16`	`332.80`	`10659.43`	`42.43`	`15.19`	`129.11`	`60.56`	`20.21`	`189.64`	`13.48`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`45-4`	`990.89`	`401.31`	`10567.05`	`35.61`	`14.06`	`151.10`	`49.58`	`24.63`	`154.17`	`18.30`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`27-1`	`944.96`	`342.69`	`10398.16`	`52.45`	`18.18`	`147.63`	`48.89`	`23.06`	`151.46`	`10.76`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`27-2`	`988.63`	`295.25`	`8703.50`	`52.97`	`14.09`	`129.05`	`26.55`	`22.23`	`114.31`	`10.39`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`27-3`	`941.88`	`321.75`	`9777.69`	`49.78`	`10.84`	`131.91`	`45.73`	`19.68`	`147.10`	`12.04`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`27-4`	`1032.66`	`308.40`	`9477.86`	`56.17`	`24.75`	`132.19`	`39.69`	`16.74`	`131.42`	`14.36`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`27-5`	`868.16`	`365.20`	`10457.73`	`58.03`	`18.97`	`140.98`	`48.98`	`21.66`	`148.60`	`14.92`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`24`	`779.15`	`358.64`	`9884.61`	`36.43`	`16.79`	`141.88`	`45.09`	`23.36`	`147.09`	`15.01`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`25`	`1023.48`	`303.84`	`9815.89`	`61.52`	`12.05`	`123.22`	`45.28`	`18.27`	`128.96`	`12.54`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2/3`
`20`	`890.27`	`366.54`	`9765.09`	`27.22`	`21.62`	`136.83`	`48.09`	`23.91`	`143.52`	`15.15`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`42-1`	`962.94`	`398.86`	`11803.79`	`53.02`	`15.71`	`141.45`	`64.96`	`26.19`	`193.41`	`12.58`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`42-2`	`935.59`	`405.68`	`10014.63`	`49.26`	`17.05`	`134.87`	`41.64`	`21.60`	`142.25`	`15.79`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`41-1`	`958.87`	`391.45`	`10489.12`	`39.35`	`22.59`	`140.64`	`42.42`	`19.91`	`149.81`	`12.76`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`41-2`	`933.43`	`379.34`	`10153.11`	`37.77`	`12.33`	`146.74`	`48.62`	`24.26`	`158.47`	`12.44`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`26-1`	`1117.57`	`354.65`	`11586.71`	`58.40`	`18.06`	`145.62`	`70.25`	`21.15`	`190.73`	`12.16`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`26-2`	`874.10`	`349.83`	`9774.87`	`30.75`	`21.31`	`143.62`	`46.91`	`20.65`	`147.83`	`17.91`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`26-3`	`801.60`	`277.76`	`8898.39`	`23.59`	`21.91`	`133.70`	`42.69`	`22.68`	`146.00`	`18.40`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`39`	`836.29`	`335.24`	`9819.93`	`40.27`	`13.78`	`134.08`	`43.15`	`19.16`	`140.23`	`16.45`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`37-1`	`777.16`	`323.43`	`9314.95`	`32.79`	`16.57`	`126.60`	`42.54`	`25.26`	`147.28`	`15.79`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`37-2`	`833.42`	`380.42`	`10384.20`	`42.86`	`18.58`	`145.92`	`49.76`	`22.80`	`159.02`	`11.91`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`37-3`	`771.76`	`411.22`	`10695.95`	`34.69`	`22.63`	`150.84`	`49.80`	`25.54`	`154.36`	`16.68`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`21-1`	`942.36`	`415.19`	`10641.13`	`46.03`	`20.69`	`147.06`	`45.60`	`23.55`	`154.27`	`14.40`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`21-2`	`984.81`	`345.06`	`10185.95`	`52.86`	`17.97`	`141.05`	`45.40`	`22.26`	`149.42`	`16.55`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`41`	`1402.86`	`256.08`	`9170.44`	`85.03`	`12.34`	`100.41`	`37.12`	`17.03`	`116.49`	`10.14`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`12-1`	`777.68`	`366.43`	`10219.98`	`34.38`	`19.04`	`149.55`	`48.01`	`22.00`	`155.92`	`12.23`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`12-2`	`887.81`	`252.07`	`8915.27`	`119.46`	`18.06`	`121.20`	`39.01`	`20.85`	`137.46`	`14.79`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`14`	`992.64`	`414.65`	`10767.95`	`39.94`	`19.10`	`149.44`	`48.74`	`21.68`	`153.99`	`12.89`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`12-1`	`900.11`	`378.66`	`10041.23`	`42.59`	`14.53`	`140.18`	`43.72`	`20.31`	`147.83`	`19.30`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`12-3`	`835.19`	`369.04`	`9627.90`	`34.49`	`18.38`	`145.57`	`22.17`	`20.26`	`126.20`	`16.60`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`12-3`	`890.66`	`387.80`	`9941.89`	`29.33`	`19.53`	`147.10`	`43.85`	`23.59`	`148.67`	`17.76`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`12-4`	`978.68`	`378.67`	`10530.10`	`35.05`	`15.04`	`152.62`	`46.17`	`23.04`	`154.05`	`15.41`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`12-5`	`803.73`	`388.50`	`10219.27`	`34.14`	`15.00`	`139.67`	`47.92`	`22.04`	`146.00`	`13.66`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`6-1`	`998.97`	`331.58`	`9002.61`	`85.90`	`14.52`	`117.37`	`37.95`	`17.08`	`118.59`	`10.84`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`6-2`	`757.95`	`319.42`	`9306.35`	`31.32`	`12.07`	`133.70`	`43.03`	`21.19`	`139.71`	`15.05`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2/3`
`6-3`	`881.02`	`294.22`	`9300.86`	`28.42`	`18.54`	`127.99`	`37.50`	`25.85`	`137.92`	`11.47`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2`
`6-4`	`1284.87`	`286.20`	`12789.03`	`49.48`	`20.44`	`135.51`	`38.44`	`31.32`	`197.95`	`13.71`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`10-1`	`1039.27`	`370.42`	`11647.42`	`32.66`	`20.84`	`145.91`	`60.72`	`21.09`	`186.06`	`19.70`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`10-2`	`759.28`	`331.91`	`9564.89`	`29.45`	`24.09`	`139.65`	`42.84`	`20.97`	`145.53`	`15.28`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`10-3`	`787.28`	`357.73`	`10096.62`	`35.89`	`12.79`	`144.18`	`41.94`	`22.96`	`149.35`	`13.11`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`10-4`	`811.40`	`346.78`	`9825.57`	`46.80`	`14.00`	`139.18`	`47.18`	`20.60`	`149.63`	`16.99`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`10-5`	`1385.18`	`392.25`	`10878.00`	`38.78`	`11.42`	`94.09`	`146.62`	`19.80`	`160.65`	`8.08`	`Ixtepeque`
`12-6`	`1098.20`	`683.02`	`9435.11`	`46.30`	`16.19`	`154.26`	`154.89`	`19.34`	`107.96`	`13.59`	`El Chayal`
`12-7`	`976.17`	`588.19`	`8715.36`	`167.78`	`17.11`	`137.10`	`135.64`	`17.34`	`96.74`	`9.98`	`El Chayal`
`12-8`	`1425.92`	`442.56`	`11124.47`	`33.52`	`7.03`	`101.52`	`153.20`	`15.85`	`160.16`	`9.03`	`Ixtepeque`
`6-1`	`781.84`	`343.37`	`9548.77`	`40.98`	`21.00`	`139.25`	`46.89`	`24.47`	`147.93`	`17.73`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`6-2`	`849.35`	`374.31`	`9999.42`	`37.09`	`18.13`	`145.07`	`46.64`	`24.07`	`152.41`	`12.71`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`6-3`	`1141.37`	`397.16`	`11200.43`	`42.95`	`14.25`	`140.78`	`153.59`	`17.14`	`139.81`	`11.58`	`La Esperanza`
`6-4`	`915.99`	`327.39`	`10316.77`	`44.44`	`21.09`	`135.92`	`44.28`	`19.05`	`147.72`	`18.02`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`6-5`	`828.50`	`392.89`	`9669.01`	`36.76`	`18.18`	`142.90`	`46.31`	`20.19`	`152.12`	`18.33`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`7`	`909.07`	`351.82`	`10176.05`	`51.94`	`18.38`	`139.79`	`47.09`	`21.50`	`149.94`	`13.38`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`13-1`	`949.40`	`333.68`	`10052.67`	`36.75`	`16.22`	`127.50`	`42.57`	`21.82`	`139.28`	`11.70`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-2/3`
`13-2`	`836.27`	`394.43`	`10289.54`	`38.40`	`14.21`	`153.11`	`43.08`	`22.44`	`154.46`	`13.36`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`15-1`	`922.05`	`384.28`	`10251.27`	`50.85`	`24.67`	`138.75`	`43.14`	`25.23`	`145.02`	`13.52`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`15-2`	`922.86`	`368.70`	`10146.69`	`35.52`	`11.81`	`140.91`	`44.69`	`22.29`	`142.30`	`16.66`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`16-1`	`945.32`	`348.76`	`9662.41`	`46.41`	`16.32`	`140.95`	`44.84`	`23.80`	`150.85`	`12.17`	`Lower Ulua Vlly-3`
`16-2`	`989.79`	`361.84`	`10332.75`</